Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *-gazScott K. ShayWardja Presshttps://protogermanic.org/pgmc_gaz
Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.
Nominale Stammbildungslehre der altgermanischen DialekteFriedrichKlugeMax Niemayer1899From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English, 2nd edition)DonRingeOxfordOxford University Press2017-𐌰𐌷𐍃alternative form of -𐌲𐍃 (-gs); forms adjectives from nouns and verbs with a sense of 'being, having or doing'.𐌿𐌽𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌷𐍃childless𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌷𐍃stony, rocky𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌷𐍃pertaining to words or speech-κόςorms adjectives with the sense of 'of or pertaining to', 'in the manner of'*-ko-sforms deadjectival and desubstantival adjectives denoting the characteristic of, typical of, pertaining to-cusforms adjectives from nouns-कसan ancient, minor adjectival nominal suffix used to derive secondary description
suffixadja-stemforms adjectives from nouns and verbs with a sense of 'being, having, or doing'.From Proto-Indo-European *-ko-s, an adjectival suffix forming words meaning ‘having, characterized by, pertaining to’. The productive Proto-Germanic form *-gaz reflects the suffix-accented form *-kó-s. In this accentual type, the *k > *g by Verner’s Law, because the syllable before *k was not accented Kluge 1899: 96–100Ringe 2017: 326.A small number of Gothic adjectives preserve a non-Verner form *-haz, from forms in which the syllable before *k was accented. Compare Gothic adjectives ending in -𐌰𐌷𐍃: 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌷𐍃, 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌷𐍃, and 𐌿𐌽𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌷𐍃. These show that PGmc originally had both *-(V)haz and *-(V)gaz, but the voiced form *-(V)gaz became the normal productive suffix via analogical leveling Kluge 1899: 96–100.Suffixes with a similar derivation to this one are *-agaz, *-īgaz, and *-ugaz. Cognates of this suffix include Latin -cus, Ancient Greek -κός, and Sanskrit -कस.