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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *getaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_getaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_khandano" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>χανδάνω</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>khandánō</orth>
          </form>
          <def>hold, contain</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_n" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*gʰe</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>n</orth>
          </form>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_prehendo" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>prehendō</orth>
          <def>snatch, seize</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_getana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/getaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>getaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɣe.tɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚷᛖᛏᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 5</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to find or make a way</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to attain, acquire, get, receive, hold</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_n"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_n">*gʰe</ref></mentioned> (n)d- (‘to take, seize’). Cognate with Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_prehendo"><ref target="#cog_lat_prehendo">prehendō</ref></mentioned> (‘snatch, seize’), Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_khandano"><ref target="#cog_grc_khandano">χανδάνω</ref></mentioned> (khandánō, ‘hold, contain’). The original meaning appears to have been "to seize an opportunity" or "to find a way".</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>getō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>getaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>getai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>gitizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>getaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>get</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>getazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>getaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>gitidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>getai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>getadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>getadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>getaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>getōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>getaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>getadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>getaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>getadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>getamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>getaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>getandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>getaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>gitid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>getaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>gitid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>getandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>getaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>getandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>getain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>getandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>getandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>getaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>gat</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>gētį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>gast</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>gētīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>gat</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>gētī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>gētū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>gētīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>gētudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>gētīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>gētum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>gētīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>gētud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>gētīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>gētun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>gētīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>getandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>getanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>getaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*getan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>ġetan, ġietan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>ȝeten, yeten</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>yet, ewte, yete, yote</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>ȝet, yet, yat</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*getan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*jeta</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>urjeta</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*getan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>gezan, gezzan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>gezzen</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>geta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>gita</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>gitte, gytte, gita</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>geta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norn</lang>
                    <orth>geta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>gjete, gjeta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Scanian</lang>
                    <orth>gida, gæda</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>geta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Dalecarlian</lang>
                    <orth>?</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                      <orth>djätå, djieta</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>geta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>geten</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>get</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scots</lang>
                      <orth>get</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>geta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>getæ, gitæ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>gide</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>geta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>gæta, gita</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>gitta</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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