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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *gladaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_gladaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_chu_gladuku" xml:lang="chu" type="cognate">
          <orth>гладъкъ</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>gladŭkŭ</orth>
          </form>
          <def>smooth, even, sweet</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_glaber" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>glaber</orth>
          <def>smooth, hairless</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lit_zleja" xml:lang="lit" type="cognate">
          <orth>žlėjà</orth>
          <def>dusk</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_gladaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gladaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>gladaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɣlɑ.ðɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚷᛚᚨᛞᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>shining, shiny, radiant</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>bright, cheery, cheerful</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="3">
            <def>glossy, sleek, smooth</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *gʰladʰ-, from *gʰleh₂dʰ- (‘to shine’).</seg>
            <seg type="p">Cognate to Lithuanian <mentioned xml:lang="lit" target="#cog_lit_zleja"><ref target="#cog_lit_zleja">žlėjà</ref></mentioned> (‘dusk’), Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_glaber"><ref target="#cog_lat_glaber">glaber</ref></mentioned> (‘smooth, hairless’), and Old Church Slavonic <mentioned xml:lang="chu" target="#cog_chu_gladuku"><ref target="#cog_chu_gladuku">гладъкъ</ref></mentioned> (gladŭkŭ, ‘smooth, even, sweet’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>gladaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>gladō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>gladą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>gladai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>gladôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>gladō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>gladanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>gladǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>gladą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>gladanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>gladōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>gladō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>gladas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>gladaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>gladas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>gladaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>gladaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>gladaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>gladammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>gladaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>gladammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>gladaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>gladaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>gladaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>gladanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>gladaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>gladanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>gladaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>gladaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>gladaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>gladô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>gladǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>gladô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>gladaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>gladōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>gladōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>gladanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>gladōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>gladô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>gladanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>gladōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>gladōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>gladiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>gladōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>gladiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>gladanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>gladōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>gladanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>gladini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>gladōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>gladini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>gladammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>gladōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>gladammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>gladinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>gladōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>gladinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>gladammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>gladōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>gladammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glad</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*glad, *glat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>glat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>glad</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>glad</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glad</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>glæd</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>glad, glade, gladde, glaid, gled</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>glad</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>gled, glaid</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yola</lang>
                        <orth>glaude</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glad</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>glæd</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>glade, glode, glede</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>glade</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yola</lang>
                        <orth>gladès</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glad</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>gled</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>glääd</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>glêd</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glad</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>glat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>glat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>glat</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Vilamovian</lang>
                        <orth>głōt</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glad</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>glat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>glat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>glatt</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Danish</lang>
                          <orth>glat</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                          <orth>glatt</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Swedish</lang>
                          <orth>glatt</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glad</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>glat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>glat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>glatt</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Esperanto</lang>
                          <orth>glata</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Ido</lang>
                            <orth>glata</orth>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glad</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>glat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>glat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>גלאַט (glat)</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>English</lang>
                          <orth>glatt</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glad</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>glad</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>glad, glat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>glad, glatt</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                        <orth>glaut</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>glaðr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>glad</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>glaður</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>glaður</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>glad</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>glaðr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>glaþer</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>glad</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Samic</lang>
                  <orth>*lāδēs</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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