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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *glōaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_glōaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_gloana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/glōaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>glōaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɣlɔː.ɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚷᛚᛟᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 7e</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to glow</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From o-grade intensive Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰlóh₁-e-ti or reduplicated stative *ǵʰe-ǵʰlóh₁-e ~ *ǵʰe-ǵʰl̥h₁-ḗr, from *ǵʰleh₁- (‘to shine, glow’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>glōō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>glōaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>glōai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>glōizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>glōaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>glō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>glōazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>glōaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>glōidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>glōai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>glōadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>glōadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>glōaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>glōōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>glōaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>glōadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>glōaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>glōadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>glōamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>glōaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>glōandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>glōaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>glōid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>glōaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>glōid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>glōandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>glōaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>glōandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>glōain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>glōandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>glōandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>glōaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>geglō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>geglōį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>geglōt</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>geglōīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>geglō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>geglōī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>geglōū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>geglōīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>geglōudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>geglōīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>geglōum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>geglōīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>geglōud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>geglōīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>geglōun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>geglōīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>glōandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>glōanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>glōaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glōan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*gluoien</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>gloeyen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>glöjje</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glōan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*gluoien</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>gloeyen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>gloeien</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>gloei</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glōan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>glōwan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>glowen, gloen, glouwen, glowe, glewe, glogh</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>glow</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>glow</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glōan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*glōa, *glōia</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>gloie, glöie, gluuje</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>gloeie</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glōan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>gluoen</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>glüejen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>jlöhe, gliehe</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>glühen</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Rhine Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>glihe</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*glōan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>glōian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>glöen, glöyen, glöjen, glôen, glôwen, glôgen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>glojen, gleuhen, gleihen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>glóa</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>glo</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>glógva</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>glóa</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>glo</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>glo</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Scanian</lang>
                    <orth>glowa</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>glóa</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>glōa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>glo</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Finnic</lang>
                  <orth>*loistadak</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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