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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *gēbiz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_gēbiz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_gebiz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gēbiz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>gēbiz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈɣɛː.βiz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚷᛖᛒᛁᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">i-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>given, having been given</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>givable</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Vṛddhi gerundive of *gebaną (‘to give’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>gēbiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>gēbī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>gēbį, -jatō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>gēbijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>gēbijôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>gēbijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>gēbijanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>gēbijǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>gēbį, -jatō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>gēbijanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>gēbijōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>gēbijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>gēbijas, gēbīs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>gēbijaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>gēbijas, gēbīs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>gēbijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>gēbijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>gēbijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>gēbijammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>gēbijaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>gēbijammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>gēbijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>gēbijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>gēbijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>gēbijanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>gēbijaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>gēbijanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>gēbijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>gēbijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>gēbijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>gēbijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>gēbijǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>gēbijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>gēbijaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>gēbijōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>gēbijōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>gēbijanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>gēbijōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>gēbijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>gēbijanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>gēbijōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>gēbijōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>gēbīniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>gēbijōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>gēbīniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>gēbijanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>gēbijōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>gēbijanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>gēbīni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>gēbijōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>gēbīni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>gēbijammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>gēbijōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>gēbijammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>gēbīnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>gēbijōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>gēbīnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>gēbijammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>gēbijōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>gēbijammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                  <orth>jēve</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                  <orth>gēve</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>gāve</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>gaaf</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                      <orth>gaaf</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                  <orth>gēve</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old High German</lang>
                  <orth>*gābi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                    <orth>gæbe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>German</lang>
                      <orth>gäbe</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>gæfr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>gævur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>gæfur</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>gæfr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>?</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>gjev</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                      <orth>gjæv</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>gæfr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>gæv, giæv, gev</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>gæv</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>gæfr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>gǣver</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>gäv</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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