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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *habilaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_habilaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_habilaz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habilaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>habilaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈxɑ.βi.lɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚺᚨᛒᛁᛚᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>That which raises or lifts; lifter.</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *habjaną + *-ilaz.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>habilaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>habilōz, habilōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>habilą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>habilanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>habilas, habilis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>habilǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>habilai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>habilamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>habilō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>habilamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>habil</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>habilōz, habilōs</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*habil</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*hevilo</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>hevel, heveldeech</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>hevel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*habil</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>hebel, hefel, hefelþrǣd, hefeld</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>hefel, hevel, heveld, held</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>heavel, havel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*habil</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*hebil, *hefil, *hevil, *hebila, *hevila</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>hebel, hevel, hefel</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Cimbrian</lang>
                        <orth>höbel</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Hebel</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Hebel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*habil</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*hevil, hebild</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>hevel, hevelgarn, hevelte</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Hevel</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                        <orth>Heeuwelte</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hefill</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>hefill</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norn</lang>
                    <orth>hevel</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>hevel</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Scots</lang>
                    <orth>hevel, hivvle</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>hävel</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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