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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *habjaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_habjaną_1</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_keh2p" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*keh₂p-</orth>
          <def>to seize; take up; lift</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_habjana_1" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habjaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>habjaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈxɑβ.jɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚺᚨᛒᛃᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 3</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to have, to hold</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From an innovated post-Indo-European stative present *kh₂ph₁yé-, from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_keh2p"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_keh2p">*keh₂p-</ref></mentioned> (‘to seize’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>habjō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>habjaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>habaisi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>habjais</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>habai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>habaiþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>habjai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>habjaþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>habjōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>habjaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>habjaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>habjaiþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>habjaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>habjamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>habjaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>habaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>habjaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>habaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>habjanþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>habjain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>habjanþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>habdǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>habdēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>habdēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>habdēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>habdē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>habdēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>habdēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>habdēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>habdēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>habdēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>habdēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>habdēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>habdēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>habdēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>habdēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>habdēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>habjandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>habdaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>habjaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*habbjan</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hafa</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                    <orth>åvå</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>hava</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>hafa</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>hava, ha, håvå, hå</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>hafa</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hafa</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>hafa, hauæ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>have</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>have, ha</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hafa</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>hava, hafwa, haffwa, haffua</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>ha, hava, hafva</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (haban)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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