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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *hasô</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_hasô</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_cym_cannu" xml:lang="cym" type="cognate">
          <orth>cannu</orth>
          <def>to whiten</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_cym_ceinach" xml:lang="cym" type="cognate">
          <orth>ceinach</orth>
          <def>hare</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_keh2s" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*ḱeh₂s-</orth>
          <def>hare</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_cascus" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>cascus</orth>
          <def>old</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_prg_sasins" xml:lang="prg" type="cognate">
          <orth>sasins</orth>
          <def>hare</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_sasa" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>शश</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>śaśa</orth>
          </form>
          <def>hare</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_haso" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hasô">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>hasô</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈxɑ.sɔːː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚺᚨᛊᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">an-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>hare</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_keh2s"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_keh2s">*ḱeh₂s-</ref></mentioned> (‘hare’). Compare with Welsh <mentioned xml:lang="cym" target="#cog_cym_ceinach"><ref target="#cog_cym_ceinach">ceinach</ref></mentioned> (‘hare’), English hare, Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_cascus"><ref target="#cog_lat_cascus">cascus</ref></mentioned> (‘old’), Old Prussian <mentioned xml:lang="prg" target="#cog_prg_sasins"><ref target="#cog_prg_sasins">sasins</ref></mentioned> (‘hare’), Pashto سوی (soe, ‘hare’), Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_sasa"><ref target="#cog_san_sasa">शश</ref></mentioned> (śaśa, ‘hare’). Note also Welsh <mentioned xml:lang="cym" target="#cog_cym_cannu"><ref target="#cog_cym_cannu">cannu</ref></mentioned> (‘to whiten’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>hesô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>hesaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>hesanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>haznunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>haznaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>haznǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>hazini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>hazummaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>haznē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>hazummiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>hesô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>hesaniz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hasō ~ *haʀ-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*haso</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>hāse</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>haas</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hasō ~ *haʀ-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*haso</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>hāse</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>haas</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>haas</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Jersey Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>hâśe</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hasō ~ *haʀ-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>hara</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>hare</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>hare</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>hare, hair</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hasō ~ *haʀ-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>hasa, hase</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Hoaze, Hoase</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>hazze</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hasō ~ *haʀ-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>hasa, hase</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>North Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>?</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Sylt</lang>
                        <orth>Haas</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hasō ~ *haʀ-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>haso</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>hase</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>Haase</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>Hås</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Vilamovian</lang>
                        <orth>hoza</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>האָז (hoz)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hasō ~ *haʀ-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>haso</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>hase</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Has, Hoas</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                          <orth>Hues</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hasō ~ *haʀ-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>haso</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>hase</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Hase, Haase</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>French</lang>
                          <orth>hase</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Silesian</lang>
                          <orth>hazŏk</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hasō ~ *haʀ-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>haso</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>hāse</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Haas, Hoos</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                        <orth>Hos</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hjasi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>hjasi</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>jase</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*hjeri</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>héri</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>heri</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                    <orth>eri</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>héri</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>here, ere</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>hare</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>hare</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>heri</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>hare</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Faroese</lang>
                      <orth>hara</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>heri</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>hari</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>hare</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hari</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                    <orth>eri</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>héri</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>here, ere</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>hare</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>hare</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hari</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>hare</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Faroese</lang>
                      <orth>hara</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hari</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>hari</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>hare</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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