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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *hertô</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_hertô</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_kerd_x2" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*ḱérd</orth>
          <def>heart</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_herto" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hertô">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>hertô</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈxer.tɔːː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚺᛖᚱᛏᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">an-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>heart</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_kerd_x2"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_kerd_x2">*ḱérd</ref></mentioned> (‘heart’), reanalyzed as a neuter an-stem.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>hertô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>hertōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>hertô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>hertōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>hirtiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>hertanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>hirtini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>hertammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>hirtinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>hertammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>hertô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>hertōnō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hertā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>herta</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>herte, harte</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>hert</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>West Flemish</lang>
                        <orth>erte</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hertā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>herta</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>herte, harte</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>hart</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>hart</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hertā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>heorte, herte, hearte, hiorte</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>herte, hert, hertt, hirte, heortæ, hierte, hart, harte, herrte, heorrte, heorte, horte, huerte, hurte</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>heart</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>hert, hart, hairt</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yola</lang>
                        <orth>hearth, hart</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hertā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>herte, hirte</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Haat</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>hert</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hertā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>hërza</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>hërze</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>Härz</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Hätz, Hetz, Hatz, Herz, Hearz, Häerz</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Herz</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>Häerz</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Vilamovian</lang>
                        <orth>haoc</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>האַרץ (harts)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hertā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>hërza</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>hërze</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Silesian East Central German</lang>
                        <orth>Herze / Härze (Breslauisch) / Harze</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Silesian East Central German</lang>
                          <orth>/ harzlich</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hertā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>herta</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>herte, harte</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Hart</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Hart, Hiärt, Hert</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                        <orth>Hoat</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hjarta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                    <orth>järta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>hjarta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>hjärte</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>hjarta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Jamtish</lang>
                    <orth>hjarte</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norn</lang>
                    <orth>hjarta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>hjarta, hjarte, hjerta, hjerte</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hjarta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>hiartæ, hiærtæ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Jutish</lang>
                      <orth>jaart</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scanian</lang>
                      <orth>hjarta</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hjarta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>hiartæ, hiærtæ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>hjerte</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>hjerte</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                          <orth>hjerte</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hjarta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>hiærta</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>hjärta, hjerta, järta</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Finnish</lang>
                        <orth>hertta</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐍉 (hairtō)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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