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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *hrespaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_hrespaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_s_kreb" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*(s)kreb-</orth>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_hrespana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrespaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>hrespaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈxres.pɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚺᚱᛖᛊᛈᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 3</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to tear; rip</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to plunder</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From earlier *hrepspaną, *hrepsaną, from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_s_kreb"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_s_kreb">*(s)kreb-</ref></mentioned>, *(s)krebʰ- (‘to turn; bend; shrink’), from *(s)ker- (‘to turn; bend’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hrespō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hrespaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hrespai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hrispizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hrespaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hresp</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hrespazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hrespaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hrispidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hrespai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hrespadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hrespadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hrespaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>hrespōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>hrespaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>hrespadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>hrespaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>hrespadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hrespamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hrespaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hrespandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hrespaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hrispid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hrespaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hrispid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hrespandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hrespaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hrespandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hrespain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hrespandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hrespandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hrespaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hrasp</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hruspį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hrasft</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hruspīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hrasp</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hruspī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>hruspū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>hruspīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>hruspudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>hruspīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hruspum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hruspīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hruspud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hruspīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hruspun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hruspīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>hrespandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>hruspanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>hrespaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hrespan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>ġehrespan</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>hrespa</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hrespan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>hrespan, respan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>rëspen</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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