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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *hreudaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_hreudaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_krewh" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*krewH-</orth>
          <def>to pile, stack, place on top, cover</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_sla-x-proto_kryti" xml:lang="sla-x-proto" type="cognate">
          <orth>*krỳti</orth>
          <def>to cover</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_hreudana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hreudaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>hreudaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈxreu̯.ðɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚺᚱᛖᚢᛞᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 2</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to cover</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to adorn, to decorate</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *krewH-dʰh₁-e-ti, from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_krewh"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_krewh">*krewH-</ref></mentioned> (‘to heap up’) and cognate with Lithuanian kráuju, kráuti (‘to put on top of each other’) and Proto-Slavic <mentioned xml:lang="sla-x-proto" target="#cog_sla-x-proto_kryti"><ref target="#cog_sla-x-proto_kryti">*krỳti</ref></mentioned> (‘to cover’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hreudō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hreudaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hreudai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hriudizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hreudaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hreud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hreudazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hreudaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hriudidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hreudai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hreudadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hreudadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hreudaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>hreudōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>hreudaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>hreudadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>hreudaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>hreudadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hreudamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hreudaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hreudandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hreudaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hriudid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hreudaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hriudid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hreudandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hreudaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hreudandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hreudain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hreudandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hreudandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hreudaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hraud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hrudį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hraust</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hrudīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hraud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hrudī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>hrudū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>hrudīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>hrududiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>hrudīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hrudum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hrudīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hrudud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hrudīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hrudun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hrudīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>hreudandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>hrudanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>hreudaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hreudan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>hrēodan</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hrjóða</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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