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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *hreuþaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_hreuþaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_s_ker" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*(s)ker-</orth>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_hreuthana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hreuþaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>hreuþaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈxreu̯.θɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚺᚱᛖᚢᚦᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 2</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to clear, clear away, make room for</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_s_ker"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_s_ker">*(s)ker-</ref></mentioned> (‘to cut’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hreuþō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hreuþaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hreuþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hriuþizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hreuþaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hreuþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hreuþazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hreuþaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hriuþidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hreuþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hreuþadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hreuþadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hreuþaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>hreuþōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>hreuþaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>hreuþadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>hreuþaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>hreuþadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hreuþamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hreuþaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hreuþandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hreuþaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hriuþid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hreuþaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hriuþid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hreuþandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hreuþaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hreuþandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hreuþain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hreuþandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hreuþandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hreuþaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hrauþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>hrudį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hraust</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>hrudīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hrauþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>hrudī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>hrudū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>hrudīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>hrududiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>hrudīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hrudum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>hrudīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hrudud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>hrudīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hrudun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>hrudīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>hreuþandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>hrudanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>hreuþaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hrjóða</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>rjóða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>hrjóða</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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