<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *Hrōþiwulfaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_hrōþiwulfaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_hrothiwulfaz" type="propn" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/Hrōþiwulfaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>Hrōþiwulfaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈxrɔː.θi.ˌwul.ɸɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚺᚱᛟᚦᛁᚹᚢᛚᚠᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>propn</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>a male given name</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *hrōþiz (‘praise, fame, glory, renown’) + *wulfaz (‘wolf’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>Hrōþiwulfaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>Hrōþiwulfą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>Hrōþiwulfas, Hrōþiwulfis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>Hrōþiwulfai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>Hrōþiwulfō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>Hrōþiwulf</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*Hrōþiwulf</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>Hrōþwulf, Hrōþulf</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*Hrōþiwulf</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                    <orth>Ruodolfus, Ruodolphus, Rodolphus</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>Rodolphus</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Italian</lang>
                      <orth>Rodolfo</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*Hrōþiwulf</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>Ruothulf</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>Roedolf, Roelof</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>Rudolf, Roelof, Roel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*Hrōþiwulf</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>Ruodolf, Hruodolf, Hruadolf</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Early Medieval Latin</lang>
                      <orth>Ruodolfus</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*Hrōþiwulf</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>Ruodolf, Hruodolf, Hruadolf</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>Ruodolf, Rodolf, Rudolf</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                        <orth>Rodolfus, Ruodolphus, Rudolfus, Rudolffus, Rudolphus</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*Hrōþiwulf</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>Ruodolf, Hruodolf, Hruadolf</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>Ruodolf, Rodolf, Rudolf</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Rudolf, Rudolph</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>Rudolf</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>English</lang>
                          <orth>Rudolf, Rudolph</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                          <orth>Rudolf</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Polish</lang>
                          <orth>Rudolf</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Swedish</lang>
                          <orth>Rudolf</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*Hrōþiwulf</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*Hrōtholf</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>Rōdolf, Rōdelof</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᚺᚱᛟᚦᛁᚹᚢᛚᚠᚨᛉ (*hroþiwulfaʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>Hróðulfr, Hróðólfr, Hrólfr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>Rolf</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>Rolf</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Faroese</lang>
                      <orth>Rólvur, Róðolvur</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                      <orth>Hróðólfur, Hrólfur</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norman</lang>
                      <orth>Rouf, Rou</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                      <orth>Rolv, Rodolv, Rodulv</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>Rolf, Rodulf</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᚺᚱᛟᚦᛁᚹᚢᛚᚠᚨᛉ (*hroþiwulfaʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>Hróðulfr, Hróðólfr, Hrólfr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Latin</lang>
                      <orth>Rollo</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Old French</lang>
                        <orth>Rollon</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
