<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *hwataz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_hwataz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_hwataz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwataz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>hwataz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈxʷɑ.tɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚺᚹᚨᛏᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>quick, sharp, brave</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *kʷh₁dós, synchronically analyzed as an adjectival derivation from Proto-Germanic *hwētaną (‘to attack, stab’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>hwataz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>hwatō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>hwatą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>hwatai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>hwatôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>hwatō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>hwatanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>hwatǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>hwatą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>hwatanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>hwatōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>hwatō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>hwatas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>hwataizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>hwatas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>hwataizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>hwataizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>hwataizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>hwatammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>hwataizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>hwatammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>hwataimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>hwataimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>hwataimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>hwatanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>hwataizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>hwatanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>hwataimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>hwataimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>hwataimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>hwatô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>hwatǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>hwatô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>hwataniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>hwatōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>hwatōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>hwatanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>hwatōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>hwatô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>hwatanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>hwatōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>hwatōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>hwatiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>hwatōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>hwatiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>hwatanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>hwatōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>hwatanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>hwatini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>hwatōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>hwatini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>hwatammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>hwatōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>hwatammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>hwatinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>hwatōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>hwatinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>hwatammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>hwatōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>hwatammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hwat</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>hwat</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hwat</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>hwæt</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>hwat, whæt</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*hwat</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>hwaz, waz</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>was</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>hvatr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>hvat-</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>hvatur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>kvat</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>kvat</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
