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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *-ilingaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_ilingaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_ilingaz" type="suffix" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ilingaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>-ilingaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">i.liŋ.ɡɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛁᛚᛁᚾᚷᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>suffix</pos>
            <gram type="suffixType">noun</gram>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1" type="function">
            <def>forms noun-derivatives with sense of 'belonging to, coming from, descending from', often diminutive</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_ilaz"><ref target="#pgmc_ilaz">*-ilaz</ref></mentioned> + <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#pgmc_ingaz"><ref target="#pgmc_ingaz">*-ingaz</ref></mentioned>.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#nom #sg">
              <orth>-ilingaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#nom #pl">
              <orth>-ilingōz, -ilingōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#acc #sg">
              <orth>-ilingą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#acc #pl">
              <orth>-ilinganz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#gen #sg">
              <orth>-ilingas, -ilingis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#gen #pl">
              <orth>-ilingǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#dat #sg">
              <orth>-ilingai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#dat #pl">
              <orth>-ilingamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#instr #sg">
              <orth>-ilingō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#instr #pl">
              <orth>-ilingamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#voc #sg">
              <orth>-iling</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#voc #pl">
              <orth>-ilingōz, -ilingōs</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*-ling</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>-ling</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>-ling</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>-ling</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*-ling</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>-ling</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>-ling, -linge, -lingge, -lyng, -lynge</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>-ling</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>-ling, -lin</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*-ling</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>-ling</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>-ling</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>-ling</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*-ling</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>-ling</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>-linc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>-ling</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*-ling</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>-ling</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>-linc, -link</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>-ling</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>-lingr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>-lingur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>-lingur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>-ling</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>-𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍃 (-liggs)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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