<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *Inguz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_inguz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_nkus" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*n̥ḱús</orth>
          <def>dead, mortal</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_inguz" type="propn" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/Inguz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>Inguz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈiŋ.ɡuz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛁᚾᚷᚢᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>propn</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">u-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>Ing, Yngvi, god of fertility</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>Son of Mannus, progenitor of the Ynglings and Ingaevones.</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="3">
            <def>name of the rune ᛜ, ᛝ (ng)</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Uncertain; possibly from *inguz, *unguz (‘mortal; man’), from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_nkus"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_nkus">*n̥ḱús</ref></mentioned> (‘dead, mortal’), from *neḱ- (‘to die, perish’) + *-us. Thought to be the human incarnation of Nerthus, and the original name of the Norse fertility god Freyr.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>Inguz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>Ingų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>Ingauz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>Ingiwi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>Ingū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>Ingu</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*Ingu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>Ing</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>Ing</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*Yngr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>Ynglingr</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌿𐍃 (*iggus)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍃 (*iggws)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
