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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *irzijaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_irzijaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_erro" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>errō</orth>
          <def>to wander, roam, stray, lose one's way</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lit_isirsti" xml:lang="lit" type="cognate">
          <orth>įširsti</orth>
          <def>to become angry, fly into passion</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_irzijana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/irzijaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>irzijaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈir.zi.jɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛁᚱᛉᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 1</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to delude, mislead</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *irzijaz (‘bewildered; erring’) + *-janą (‘factitive suffix’). Cognate with Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_erro"><ref target="#cog_lat_erro">errō</ref></mentioned> (‘to wander, roam, stray, lose one's way’) and Lithuanian <mentioned xml:lang="lit" target="#cog_lit_isirsti"><ref target="#cog_lit_isirsti">įširsti</ref></mentioned> (‘to become angry, fly into passion’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>irzijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>irzijaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>irzijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>irzīsi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>irzijais</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>irzī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>irzijasai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>irzijaisau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>irzīþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>irzijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>irzijaþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>irzijaþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>irzijaiþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>irzijōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>irzijaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>irzijaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>irzijaiþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>irzijaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>irzijamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>irzijaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>irzijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>irzijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>irzīþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>irzijaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>irzīþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>irzijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>irzijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>irzijanþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>irzijain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>irzijanþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>irzijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>irzijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>irzidǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>irzidēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>irzidēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>irzidēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>irzidē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>irzidēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>irzidēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>irzidēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>irzidēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>irzidēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>irzidēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>irzidēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>irzidēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>irzidēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>irzidēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>irzidēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>irzijandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>irzidaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>irzijaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*irʀijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>irrian, irrean</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*irʀijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>irren</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>erren</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*irʀijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>irren</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>irren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>iren</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*irʀijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>irren</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>irren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>irren</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Swedish</lang>
                          <orth>irra</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽 (airzjan)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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