Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *ja Scott K. Shay Wardja Press https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_ja

Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.
ja ˈjɑ ᛃᚨ
particle yes (confirmation particle) thus, so Ideophonic for paralingual expression of agreement, compare typologically Arabic يَه (yah) developed with the exact same meaning at the Yemenite Red Sea coast.
Proto-West Germanic *jā Old Dutch *jā Middle Dutch jâ Limburgish jao
Proto-West Germanic *jā Old Dutch *jā Middle Dutch jâ Dutch ja, jae Berbice Creole Dutch ja
Indonesian ya
Jersey Dutch jâ
Malay ya
Negerhollands ja, ju
Saramaccan jahái, jaái
Skepi Creole Dutch ja
Proto-West Germanic *jā Old Dutch *jā Middle Dutch jâ Dutch ja, jae Afrikaans ja English ja
Portuguese iá, yá, ya
Proto-West Germanic *jā Old English ġēa, iā, ġē Middle English ȝea, ye, ya English ya, yea, yo
Scots ya, yea, ay, aye, yo
Proto-West Germanic *jā Old Frisian jē, gē, jā, jō Saterland Frisian ja, jee
West Frisian ja
Proto-West Germanic *jā Old High German jā Middle High German ja, jā Alemannic German ja, jaa, jòò, jä
Bavarian ?
Luxembourgish jo
Yiddish יאָ (yo)
Proto-West Germanic *jā Old High German jā Middle High German ja, jā German ja, jo, joa English ya
Polish jo
Proto-West Germanic *jā Old Saxon jā, giā, ge, gi, gie, gia Middle Low German ja, jâ German Low German ja
Old Norse já Danish ja, jo
Faroese ja
Icelandic já
Norwegian Bokmål ja
Norwegian Nynorsk ja
Old Norse já Old Swedish iā Finnish jaa
Swedish ja
Gothic 𐌾𐌰 (ja)
Gothic 𐌾𐌰𐌹 (jai)