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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *keluz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_keluz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_gaulos" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>γαυλός</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>gaulós</orth>
          </form>
          <def>round vessel, merchant vessel, milk pail</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_sga_gelid" xml:lang="sga" type="cognate">
          <orth>gelid</orth>
          <def>to swallow, eat</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_keluz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/keluz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>keluz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈke.luz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚲᛖᛚᚢᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">u-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>keel</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to *kelǭ (‘throat’). Kluge compares Ancient Greek γαυλός <mentioned xml:lang="" target="#cog_grc_gaulos"><ref target="#cog_grc_gaulos">γαυλός</ref></mentioned> , which itself has been connected to *keulaz (‘ship’), while Orel compares Old Irish <mentioned xml:lang="sga" target="#cog_sga_gelid"><ref target="#cog_sga_gelid">gelid</ref></mentioned> (‘to swallow, eat’), gaile (‘stomach’) (though these two terms are thought to not be cognate with each other).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>keluz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>kiliwiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>kelų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>kelunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>kelauz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>kiliwǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>kiliwi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>kelumaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>kelū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>kelumiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>kelu</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>kiliwiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>kjǫlr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                    <orth>tjyöl</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>kjølur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>käl, köl</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>kjölur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>kjøl</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>kjǫlr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>kiel</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>kiel</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                        <orth>kiel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>kjǫlr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>kele</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>keel</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scots</lang>
                      <orth>kele, keill</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>kjǫlr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle French</lang>
                    <orth>quille</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>French</lang>
                      <orth>quille</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Portuguese</lang>
                        <orth>quilha</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>kjǫlr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>kēl, kil, kiel</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>German Low German</lang>
                      <orth>Kiel</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>kjǫlr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>kēl, kil, kiel</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>German</lang>
                      <orth>Kiel</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Czech</lang>
                        <orth>kýl</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Russian</lang>
                        <orth>киль (kilʹ)</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Slovak</lang>
                        <orth>kýl</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>kjǫlr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>kiøl</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>køl</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>kjǫlr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>kiol, kiøl</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>köl</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Finnish</lang>
                        <orth>köli</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Samic</lang>
                  <orth>*kielës</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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