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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *kinþą</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_kinþą</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_genh1" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*ǵenh₁-</orth>
          <def>to bear, give birth</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_kintha" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kinþą">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>kinþą</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈkin.θɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚲᛁᚾᚦᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>child</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Pre-Germanic *ǵénh₁tom, from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_genh1"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_genh1">*ǵenh₁-</ref></mentioned> (‘to bear, give birth’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>kinþą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>kinþō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>kinþą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>kinþō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>kinþas, kinþis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>kinþǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>kinþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>kinþamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>kinþō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>kinþamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>kinþą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>kinþō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*kind</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>kind</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*kind</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>kind, kint</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>kint</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>kindj</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*kind</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>kind, kint</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>kint</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>kind</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>kind</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Jersey Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>känt</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Negerhollands</lang>
                          <orth>kind, kint, kin, ken</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Skepi Creole Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>kente, kinte</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*kind</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>kind, kint, chind, chint</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>kind, kint</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>Chind</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Kend, Kenk</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>East Central German</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Rhine Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Kind, Kend, Keend, Kenn, Kinn</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>קינד (kind)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*kind</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>kind, kint, chind, chint</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>kind, kint</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Kind</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Italian</lang>
                          <orth>citto</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*kind</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>kind</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>kint</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Kind</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Dutch Low Saxon</lang>
                          <orth>kind, kiend, keend</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German Low German</lang>
                          <orth>Kind</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*kind</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>kind</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>kint</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                        <orth>kind</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                          <orth>kyn</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐌺𐌹𐌽𐌳 (*kind)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>Cendamirus, Censindus, Cindaswinth, Cintila</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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