<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *klukkwōną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_klukkwōną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_klukkwona" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klukkwōną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>klukkwōną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈkluk.kwɔː.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚲᛚᚢᚲᚹᛟᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 2</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to cluck</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Of imitative origin.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōsi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōsai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōsau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>klukkwōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>klukkwōw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>klukkwōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>klukkwōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>klukkwōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōnþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōdǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōdēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōdē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>klukkwōdēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>klukkwōndz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>klukkwōdaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>klukkwōną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*klukkwōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*klukkōn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>clocken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>klokken</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*klukkwōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>cloccian, cluccian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>clokken, clocken, cloken, clokkyn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>clock, cluck</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*klukkwōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>cloccian, cluccian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>clokken, clocken, cloken, clokkyn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Scots</lang>
                        <orth>clock, cloik</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Scots</lang>
                          <orth>clock, cloak</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*klukkwōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>klokkōn, klokkēn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>glucken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>glucken</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*klukkwōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>klokkōn, klokkēn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>klucken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Cimbrian</lang>
                        <orth>khlukhan</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>klucken</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*klukkwōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*klukkōn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>klucken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>klucken</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>kløkkva</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>klukke</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>klökkva</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>klucka</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>kløkka</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>klukke</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>klökkva</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>klucka</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
