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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *knuttijaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_knuttijaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_knuttijana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knuttijaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>knuttijaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈknut.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚲᚾᚢᛏᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 1</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to bind into a knot</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to tie with a knot</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *knuttô (‘knot’) + *-janą.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>knuttijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>knuttijaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>knuttijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>knuttīsi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>knuttijais</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>knuttī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>knuttijasai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>knuttijaisau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>knuttīþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>knuttijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>knuttijaþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>knuttijaþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>knuttijaiþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>knuttijōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>knuttijaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>knuttijaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>knuttijaiþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>knuttijaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>knuttijamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>knuttijaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>knuttijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>knuttijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>knuttīþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>knuttijaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>knuttīþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>knuttijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>knuttijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>knuttijanþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>knuttijain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>knuttijanþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>knuttijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>knuttijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>knuttidǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>knuttidēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>knuttidēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>knuttidēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>knuttidē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>knuttidēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>knuttidēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>knuttidēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>knuttidēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>knuttidēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>knuttidēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>knuttidēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>knuttidēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>knuttidēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>knuttidēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>knuttidēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>knuttijandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>knuttidaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>knuttijaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*knuttijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*knutten</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>cnutten</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>knutten</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*knuttijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>cnyttan, cnittan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>knytten, knutten, knetten, knitten</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>knit</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>knyt, knit</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*knuttijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*knuttian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>knütten</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>knütten</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>knytja</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>knýta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>knýta, hnýta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>knyte</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>knyte, knyta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>knyta</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>knytja</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>knytte</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>knytte</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>knyta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>knýta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>knýta, hnýta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>knyte</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>knyte, knyta</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>knyta</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>knyta</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>knytte</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>knytte</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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