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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *krammaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_krammaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_lit_grimzti" xml:lang="lit" type="cognate">
          <orth>grimzti</orth>
          <def>to drown, sink</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_krammaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krammaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>krammaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈkrɑm.mɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚲᚱᚨᛗᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>moist</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Pre-Germanic *gʷromsós or, more likely, *gʷromsmós. Related to Lithuanian <mentioned xml:lang="lit" target="#cog_lit_grimzti"><ref target="#cog_lit_grimzti">grimzti</ref></mentioned> (‘to drown, sink’), Serbo-Croatian greznuti (‘to drown, sink’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>krammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>krammō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>krammą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>krammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>krammôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>krammō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>krammanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>krammǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>krammą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>krammanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>krammōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>krammō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>krammas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>krammaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>krammas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>krammaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>krammaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>krammaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>krammammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>krammaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>krammammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>krammaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>krammaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>krammaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>krammanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>krammaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>krammanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>krammaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>krammaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>krammaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>krammô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>krammǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>krammô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>krammaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>krammōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>krammōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>krammanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>krammōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>krammô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>krammanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>krammōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>krammōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>kramminiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>krammōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>kramminiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>krammanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>krammōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>krammanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>krammini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>krammōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>krammini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>krammammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>krammōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>krammammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>kramminē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>krammōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>kramminē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>krammammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>krammōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>krammammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>krammr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>krammur, kramur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>krammr</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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