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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *krankaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_krankaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_krankaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krankaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>krankaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈkrɑŋ.kɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚲᚱᚨᚾᚲᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>bent; crooked</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>weak</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">An adjective derived from *kringaną (‘to turn, fall, yield’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>krankaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>krankō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>kranką, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>krankai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>krankôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>krankō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>krankanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>krankǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>kranką, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>krankanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>krankōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>krankō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>krankas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>krankaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>krankas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>krankaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>krankaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>krankaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>krankammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>krankaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>krankammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>krankaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>krankaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>krankaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>krankanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>krankaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>krankanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>krankaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>krankaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>krankaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>krankô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>krankǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>krankô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>krankaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>krankōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>krankōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>krankanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>krankōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>krankô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>krankanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>krankōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>krankōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>krankiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>krankōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>krankiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>krankanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>krankōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>krankanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>krankini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>krankōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>krankini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>krankammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>krankōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>krankammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>krankinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>krankōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>krankinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>krankammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>krankōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>krankammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*krank</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*cranc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>cranc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>krank</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*krank</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*cranc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>cranc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>krank</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>krank</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*krank</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>*cranc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>cronk, cranke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>crank</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>crank</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*krank</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>krank, kronk, krenk</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>North Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>cronc</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>kroank</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*krank</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*krank, *chranch</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>krank, kranc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Cimbrian</lang>
                        <orth>krånkh</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>krank</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Hunsrik</lang>
                        <orth>krank</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>krank</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Vilamovian</lang>
                        <orth>kraonk</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>קראַנק (krank)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*krank</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*krank</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>krank</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>krank</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>krangr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>krank</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>krankur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>krank</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>krank</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>krankr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>krank</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>krankur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>krank</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>krank</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
