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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *kunnāną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_kunnāną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_kunnana_x2" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunnāną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>kunnāną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈkun.nɑː.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚲᚢᚾᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 3</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to get to know, to become familiar with</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to test, to try</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="3">
            <def>to experience</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *kunnaną (‘to know’) + *-āną.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>kunnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>kunnaisi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>kunnai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>kunnāsai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>kunnaiþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>kunnāþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>kunnāþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>kunnōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>kunnāþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>kunnāþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>kunnāmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>kunnānþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>kunnaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>kunnaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>kunnānþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>kunnānþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>kunnānþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>kunnānþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>kunnadǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>kunnadēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>kunnadēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>kunnadēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>kunnadē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>kunnadēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>kunnadēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>kunnadēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>kunnadēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>kunnadēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>kunnadēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>kunnadēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>kunnadēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>kunnadēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>kunnadēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>kunnadēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>kunnāndz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>kunnadaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>kunnāną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*kunnēn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>cunnian</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>kunnēn</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*kunnēn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*cunnon</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>bicunnon</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*kunnēn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*kunnōn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                      <orth>gikunnōn</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*kunnan)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gothic</lang>
                    <orth>𐌰𐍄𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (atkunnan), 𐌲𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (gakunnan), 𐌿𐍆𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (ufkunnan)</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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