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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *laikaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_laikaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_leyg" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*leyg-</orth>
          <def>to jump around, bounce, shake, tremble</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_laikana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laikaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>laikaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈlɑi̯.kɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 7a</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to jump, play, move, swing about</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_leyg"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_leyg">*leyg-</ref></mentioned> (‘to jump around, bounce, shake, tremble’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>laikō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>laikaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>laikai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>laikizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>laikaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>laik</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>laikazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>laikaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>laikidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>laikai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>laikadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>laikadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>laikaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>laikōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>laikaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>laikadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>laikaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>laikadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>laikamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>laikaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>laikandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>laikaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>laikid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>laikaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>laikid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>laikandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>laikaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>laikandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>laikain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>laikandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>laikandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>laikaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>lelaik</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>lelaikį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>lelaiht</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>lelaikīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>lelaik</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>lelaikī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>lelaikū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>lelaikīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>lelaikudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>lelaikīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>lelaikum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>lelaikīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>lelaikud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>lelaikīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>lelaikun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>lelaikīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>laikandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>laikanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>laikaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*laikan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>lēken</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Low German</lang>
                      <orth>leken</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*laikan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>lācan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>laken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>lake, laak</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*laikan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*leihhan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>leichen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>laichen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>leika</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>leika</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>laika</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>leika</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Scanian</lang>
                    <orth>lega</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>leika</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>layken, leyken, leiken, laiken</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>lake, laik</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scots</lang>
                      <orth>laik</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>leika</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>leika</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>leike</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>leika</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>lækæ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>lege</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>leke</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>leika</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>lēka</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>leka</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 (laikan)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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