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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *lattō</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_lattō</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_cel-x-proto_slatta" xml:lang="cel-x-proto" type="cognate">
          <orth>*slattā</orth>
          <def>stalk, staff</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_latto" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lattō">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>lattō</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈlɑt.tɔː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛚᚨᛏᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ō-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>board; plank; ledge; slat; bar; shelf</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From an n-stem *laþô ~ *lattaz, though the expected paradigm would be *laþô ~ *luttaz, which presumably underwent leveling; compare the formation of *rattaz. Further origin uncertain. Perhaps the origin is shared with Proto-Celtic <mentioned xml:lang="cel-x-proto" target="#cog_cel-x-proto_slatta"><ref target="#cog_cel-x-proto_slatta">*slattā</ref></mentioned> (‘stalk, staff’), and both loaned from a pre-Indo-European substrate due to the limited geographical distribution and variation in the final consonant of the stem. Compare Spanish lata, said to be a borrowing from Iberian, and Basque lata (‘roof batten’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>lattō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>lattôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>lattǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>lattōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>lattōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>lattǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>lattōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>lattōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>lattō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>lattōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>lattō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>lattôz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lattu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*latta</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>latte</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>lat</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lattu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>lætt, *læþþ, *læþ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>latte, lat, lathe, latthe, laththe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>lath</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>latt, lat, lath</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lattu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old French</lang>
                    <orth>late, latte</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                      <orth>latta</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Catalan</lang>
                        <orth>llata</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Italian</lang>
                        <orth>latta</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Portuguese</lang>
                        <orth>lata</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Spanish</lang>
                        <orth>lata</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lattu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old French</lang>
                    <orth>late, latte</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle French</lang>
                      <orth>latte</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>French</lang>
                        <orth>latte</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lattu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*latt, *latte</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Latte</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>latte</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lattu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>latta, latza</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>latte</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Cimbrian</lang>
                        <orth>latta</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Latte</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>Lat</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lattu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>latta</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>latte</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Latte, Latt</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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