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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *lauþrą</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_lauþrą</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_loutron" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>λουτρόν</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>loutrón</orth>
          </form>
          <def>a bath, wash-room</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_hit_la_a_hu_i" xml:lang="hit" type="cognate">
          <orth>𒆷𒀀𒄷𒄿</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>la-a-ḫu-i</orth>
          </form>
          <def>to pour</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_lewh3" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*lewh₃-</orth>
          <def>to wash</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_lowh3trom" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*lówh₃trom</orth>
          <def>that which is used for washing</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_sga_loathar" xml:lang="sga" type="cognate">
          <orth>lóathar</orth>
          <def>wash-basin</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_lauthra" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lauþrą">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>lauþrą</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈlɑu̯.θrɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛚᚨᚢᚦᚱᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>nitre used as soap, soap</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>foam, lather</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_lowh3trom"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_lowh3trom">*lówh₃trom</ref></mentioned> (‘that which is used for washing’), from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_lewh3"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_lewh3">*lewh₃-</ref></mentioned> (‘to wash, bathe’) + *-trom (equivalent to *-þrą). Cognate with Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_loutron"><ref target="#cog_grc_loutron">λουτρόν</ref></mentioned> (loutrón, ‘a bath, wash-room’), Old Irish <mentioned xml:lang="sga" target="#cog_sga_loathar"><ref target="#cog_sga_loathar">lóathar</ref></mentioned> (‘wash-basin’). Kroonen attributes the Germanic o-grade to a different reconstruction of the root as *leh₃-, extended as *lh₃-éw-, based on Hittite <mentioned xml:lang="hit" target="#cog_hit_la_a_hu_i"><ref target="#cog_hit_la_a_hu_i">𒆷𒀀𒄷𒄿</ref></mentioned> (la-a-ḫu-i, ‘to pour’), though this is unlikely and there are other possible explanations.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>lauþrą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>lauþrō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>lauþrą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>lauþrō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>lauþras, lauþris</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>lauþrǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>lauþrai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>lauþramaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>lauþrō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>lauþramiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>lauþrą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>lauþrō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lauþr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>lōthar</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lauþr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>lēaþor</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>lather</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>lather</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>lather</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lauþr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*lōdar</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old High German</lang>
                      <orth>skiflōdar</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>lauðr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>ludur, luddur, luddar, lau, lavv</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>lauður, löður</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>laur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Smalandian</lang>
                    <orth>?</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>lödder</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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