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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *laþō</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_laþō</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_hit_kaka" xml:lang="hit" type="cognate">
          <orth>[script needed]</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>kaka-</orth>
          </form>
          <def>tooth</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_latho_x2" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laþō">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>laþō</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈlɑ.θɔː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛚᚨᚦᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ō-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>invitation</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *h₂lot-eh₂, an isogloss that only appears to be found in Germanic and Hittite. Anatolian cognates include Luwian [script needed] (ḫalta, ‘to call’), Hittite <mentioned xml:lang="hit" target="#cog_hit_kaka"><ref target="#cog_hit_kaka">[script needed]</ref></mentioned> (halzai, ‘to invoke, recite, call out’), both from Proto-Anatolian *halt-. Not related to *hlōaną (‘to shout’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>laþō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>laþôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>laþǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>laþōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>laþōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>laþǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>laþōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>laþōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>laþō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>laþōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>laþō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>laþôz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*laþu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>*laþu</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old English</lang>
                      <orth>frēondlaþu, nēodlaþu, wordlaþu</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*laþu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*lada</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old High German</lang>
                      <orth>ladalīh, inladalīh</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᛚᚨᚦᚢ (laþu)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>lǫð</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                      <orth>löð</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐌻𐌰𐌸𐌰 (*laþa)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌻𐌰𐌸𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍉 (laþaleikō)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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