Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *-lif Scott K. Shay Wardja Press https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_lif

Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.

 A Comparative Grammar of the Early Germanic Languages Robert D. Fulk John Benjamins Publishing Company 2018 From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English, 2nd edition) Don Ringe Oxford Oxford University Press 2017 *leykʷ- to leave *leyp- to stick; to be left over vienúolika eleven dvýlika twelve
-lif liɸ ᛚᛁᚠ
suffix numeral fossilized numeral-forming element found in Proto-Germanic *ainalif (‘eleven’) and *twalif (‘twelve’), originally meaning ‘left over’ after counting ten: literally ‘one left over’ and ‘two left over’ A fossilized, non-productive second constituent of numeral compounds. Its ultimate source is disputed. Ringe 2017: 229–30 treats the problem cautiously: the forms can be explained from *-lip-, the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *leyp-, which would connect the element with Proto-Germanic *lībaną; however, he notes that the Baltic parallels, Lithuanian vienúolikaand dvýlika, point instead to *-likʷ-, from PIE *leykʷ-. Fulk 2018: 227–28 adopts the latter analysis more directly, deriving PGmc *-lif- from *-likʷ-and comparing the Lithuanian numeral type in -lika.