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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *linhtaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_linhtaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_h1lengwh" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*h₁lengʷʰ-</orth>
          <def>lightweight; swift</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_linhtaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/linhtaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>linhtaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈlĩːx.tɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛚᛁᚾᚺᛏᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>light (in weight)</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Pre-Germanic *h₁lengʷʰ-tos, from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_h1lengwh"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_h1lengwh">*h₁lengʷʰ-</ref></mentioned> (‘lightweight; swift’). By synchronic analysis, a to-stem adjectival derivative of *lingwaną (‘to make progress, succeed’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>linhtaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>linhtō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>linhtą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>linhtai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>linhtôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>linhtō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>linhtanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>linhtǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>linhtą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>linhtanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>linhtōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>linhtō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>linhtas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>linhtaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>linhtas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>linhtaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>linhtaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>linhtaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>linhtammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>linhtaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>linhtammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>linhtaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>linhtaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>linhtaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>linhtanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>linhtaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>linhtanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>linhtaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>linhtaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>linhtaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>linhtô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>linhtǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>linhtô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>linhtaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>linhtōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>linhtōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>linhtanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>linhtōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>linhtô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>linhtanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>linhtōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>linhtōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>linhtiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>linhtōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>linhtiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>linhtanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>linhtōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>linhtanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>linhtini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>linhtōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>linhtini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>linhtammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>linhtōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>linhtammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>linhtinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>linhtōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>linhtinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>linhtammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>linhtōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>linhtammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lį̄ht</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*līht</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>licht</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>licht</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>lig</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lį̄ht</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>lēoht</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>liȝt, lyghte</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>light</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>licht</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lį̄ht</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>licht</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>licht</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lį̄ht</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>līht, līhti</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>līht</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>East Central German</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>leicht</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Rhine Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>läicht, leicht, licht</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>לײַכט (laykht)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*lį̄ht</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>līht</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>licht</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>licht</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>léttr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>let</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>lættur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>léttur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>lett</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>lett</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>léttr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>lǣtter</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>lätt</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍄𐍃 (leihts)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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