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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *līkāną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_līkāną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_likana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/līkāną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>līkāną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈliː.kɑː.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛚᛁᚲᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 3</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to please (+ dative object), to like (impersonal) (+ dative subject)</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to conform, to be of an agreeable kind</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *-līkaz (‘like’) + *-āną.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>līkō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>līkaisi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>līkai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>līkāsai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>līkaiþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>līkāþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>līkāþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>līkōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>līkāþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>līkāþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>līkāmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>līkānþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>līkaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>līkaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>līkānþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>līkānþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>līkānþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>līkānþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>līkadǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>līkadēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>līkadēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>līkadēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>līkadē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>līkadēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>līkadēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>līkadēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>līkadēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>līkadēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>līkadēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>līkadēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>līkadēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>līkadēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>līkadēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>līkadēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>līkāndz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>līkadaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>līkāną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*līkēn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>līcon</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>liken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>lijken</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*līkēn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>līcian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>liken, lyken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>like</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*līkēn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>līcian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>liken, lyken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>like</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>liken</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>French</lang>
                          <orth>liker</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German</lang>
                          <orth>liken</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Spanish</lang>
                          <orth>likear</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Welsh</lang>
                          <orth>leicio, licio</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*līkēn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>līkia</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>liekje</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>lykje</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*līkēn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>līhhēn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>līchen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>leichen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*līkēn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>līkōn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>liken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>lieken</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>líka</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>lige</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>líka</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>líka</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>like</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>lika</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 (leikān)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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