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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *maisǭ</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_maisǭ</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_cel-x-proto_s" xml:lang="cel-x-proto" type="cognate">
          <orth>*mesal-</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>s</orth>
          </form>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_latin_merula" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*h₂mes-l-</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>Latin merula</orth>
          </form>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_maiso_x2" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/maisǭ">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>maisǭ</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈmɑi̯.sɔ̃ː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛗᚨᛁᛊᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ōn-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>titmouse, chickadee</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Unknown; compared to Proto-Celtic <mentioned xml:lang="cel-x-proto" target="#cog_cel-x-proto_s"><ref target="#cog_cel-x-proto_s">*mesal-</ref></mentioned> (s)kā (‘blackbird’), from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_latin_merula"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_latin_merula">*h₂mes-l-</ref></mentioned> (Latin merula). Or, possibly related to Norwegian Nynorsk meis (‘weak’) and Flemish mijzen (‘shatter’), possibly related to Proto-Germanic *maisa- (‘small’), or possibly related to Dutch miezerig (‘small, measly’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>maisǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>maisōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>maisōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>maisōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>maisōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>maisōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>maisōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>maisōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>maisōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>maisōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>maisǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>maisōniz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*maisā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*mēsa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>mêse</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>mees</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*maisā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>māse</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>mose</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle English</lang>
                        <orth>titmose</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>English</lang>
                          <orth>titmouse</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*maisā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*māse, *mēse</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>*mēske</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                        <orth>Meeske</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                        <orth>mieske</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*maisā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>meisa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>meise</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>Meisn</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Meise</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>Mees</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*maisā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>mēsa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>mêse, meise</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Danish</lang>
                        <orth>mejse</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch Low Saxon</lang>
                        <orth>meesje</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Meesch</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                        <orth>meis</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>mes</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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