<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *marwaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_marwaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_merw" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*merw-</orth>
          <def>to rub, pack</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_marwaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/marwaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>marwaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈmɑr.wɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛗᚨᚱᚹᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>brittle; delicate; soft; mellow</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_merw"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_merw">*merw-</ref></mentioned> (‘to rub, pack’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>marwaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>marwō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>marwą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>marwai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>marwôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>marwō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>marwanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>marwǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>marwą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>marwanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>marwōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>marwō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>marwas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>marwaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>marwas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>marwaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>marwaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>marwaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>marwammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>marwaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>marwammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>marwaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>marwaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>marwaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>marwanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>marwaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>marwanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>marwaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>marwaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>marwaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>marwô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>marwǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>marwô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>marwaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>marwōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>marwōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>marwanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>marwōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>marwô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>marwanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>marwōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>marwōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>marwiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>marwōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>marwiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>marwanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>marwōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>marwanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>marwini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>marwōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>marwini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>marwammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>marwōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>marwammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>marwinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>marwōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>marwinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>marwammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>marwōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>marwammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*maru</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*maru</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>meru, merue, murwe, morwe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>West Flemish</lang>
                        <orth>merf</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*maru</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*maru</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>meru, merue, murwe, morwe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>murw</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                          <orth>morf, murf</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*maru</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>mearu, meru</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>merwe, merow, melowe, melwe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>mellow</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>melly</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*maru</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>maro, marawi, muruwi, murwi</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>mar, mürwe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>murw</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*maru</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>maro, marawi, muruwi, murwi</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>mar, mürwe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>mürbe</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>French</lang>
                          <orth>morbement</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*maru</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*maru, *moru, *murwi</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>morwe, mare, more, mȫre</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>möör</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>meyrr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>moyrur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>meyr</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>meyrr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>miør</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>mør</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>meyrr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>mø̄r</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>mör</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*maurijaz</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>moyrur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>meyr</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*maurijaz</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>miør</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>mør</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*maurijaz</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>mø̄r</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>mör</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*maurwuz</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>moyrur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>meyr</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*maurwuz</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>miør</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>mør</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*maurwuz</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>mø̄r</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>mör</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
