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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *meldǭ</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_meldǭ</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_bliton" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>βλίτον</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>blíton</orth>
          </form>
          <def>purple amaranth; orache</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_meldo" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/meldǭ">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>meldǭ</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈmel.dɔ̃ː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛗᛖᛚᛞᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ōn-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>a plant of the genus Chenopodium, goosefoot</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>a plant of the genus Atriplex, orache, saltbush</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Put to Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- because of the mealy texture of its leaves. Compare the meaning range of the descendants of Old Norse mjǫll which is from the same root, Icelandic mjöll (‘fresh snow’), Norwegian mjell, mjøll (‘light, dry snow’), Swedish mjäll (‘dandruff’), Danish mæld, mjæld (‘fluff on corollae’). But note Proto-Slavic *lebeda of the same meaning range, and also Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_bliton"><ref target="#cog_grc_bliton">βλίτον</ref></mentioned> (blíton, ‘purple amaranth; orache’); both are of unknown origin.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>meldǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>meldōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>meldōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>meldōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>meldōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>meldōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>meldōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>meldōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>meldōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>meldōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>meldǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>meldōniz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*meldā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*melda</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>melde</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>melde, milde</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*meldā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>melde</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>mielde</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>milds, miles, myles</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>milds, miles, myles</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*meldā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>melta, melda, malta, multa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                      <orth>melta</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*meldā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>melta, melda, malta, multa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>melte, melde</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Melde, Melte, Melle, Malde, Malte, Milte, Milde, Molde, Mölde</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*meldā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>maldia</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>melde</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*mjaldi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>melde</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>melde</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*mjaldi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>melde, meld</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>mælde, mæld</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*mjaldi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>molda, molla, mœld, mœldyrt</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>målla, mäll, mäld, mäldyrt</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Finnic</lang>
                  <orth>*malcca</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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