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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *mōdagaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_mōdagaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_modagaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mōdagaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>mōdagaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈmɔː.ðɑ.ɣɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛗᛟᛞᚨᚷᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>brave; courageous</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>bold</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *mōdaz (‘mind; courage; zeal’) + *-gaz.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>mōdagō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>mōdagą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>mōdagai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>mōdagôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>mōdagō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>mōdaganǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>mōdagǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>mōdagą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>mōdaganz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>mōdagōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>mōdagō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>mōdagas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>mōdagas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>mōdagammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>mōdagammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>mōdaganō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>mōdaganō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>mōdagaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>mōdagô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>mōdagǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>mōdagô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>mōdaganiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>mōdagōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>mōdagōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>mōdaganų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>mōdagōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>mōdagô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>mōdaganunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>mōdagōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>mōdagōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>mōdaginiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>mōdagōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>mōdaginiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>mōdaganǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>mōdagōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>mōdaganǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>mōdagini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>mōdagōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>mōdagini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>mōdagammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>mōdagōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>mōdagammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>mōdaginē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>mōdagōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>mōdaginē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>mōdagammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>mōdagōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>mōdagammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*mōdag</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>mōdag</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*mōdag</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*muodag</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>moedich</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>moedig</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>moedig</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*mōdag</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>mōdiġ, modi</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>modi, mody</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>moody</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*mōdag</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*mōdich</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>moedich</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*mōdag</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>muotag, muotig</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>muotic</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>mutig</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Hunsrik</lang>
                        <orth>mutich</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*mōdag</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>muotag, muotig</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old High German</lang>
                      <orth>einmuotig</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                        <orth>einmüetec</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German</lang>
                          <orth>einmütig</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>móðigr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>modig</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>móðugur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>modig</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>modig</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>móðugr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>modig</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>móðugur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>modig</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>modig</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌼𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌲𐍃 (mōdags)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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