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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *mōjaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_mōjaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_molos" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>μῶλος</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>môlos</orth>
          </form>
          <def>turmoil</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_moles" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>mōlēs</orth>
          <def>burden, mass</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_sla-x-proto_majati" xml:lang="sla-x-proto" type="cognate">
          <orth>*màjati</orth>
          <def>to detain, tire, exhaust</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_xto_maska" xml:lang="xto" type="cognate">
          <orth>māskā-</orth>
          <def>to be difficult</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_mojana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mōjaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>mōjaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈmɔː.jɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛗᛟᛃᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 1</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to tire</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *meh₃-ye-ti, from *meh₃- (‘to cause toil, be a burden’). Cognate with Tocharian A <mentioned xml:lang="xto" target="#cog_xto_maska"><ref target="#cog_xto_maska">māskā-</ref></mentioned> (‘to be difficult’), Proto-Slavic <mentioned xml:lang="sla-x-proto" target="#cog_sla-x-proto_majati"><ref target="#cog_sla-x-proto_majati">*màjati</ref></mentioned> (‘to detain, tire, exhaust’), Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_molos"><ref target="#cog_grc_molos">μῶλος</ref></mentioned> (môlos, ‘turmoil’), Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_moles"><ref target="#cog_lat_moles">mōlēs</ref></mentioned> (‘burden, mass’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>mōjō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>mōjaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>mōjai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>mōisi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>mōjais</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>mōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>mōjasai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>mōjaisau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>mōiþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>mōjai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>mōjaþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>mōjaþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>mōjaiþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>mōjōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>mōjaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>mōjaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>mōjaiþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>mōjaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>mōjamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>mōjaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>mōjanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>mōjainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>mōiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>mōjaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>mōiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>mōjanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>mōjainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>mōjanþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>mōjain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>mōjanþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>mōjanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>mōjainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>mōidǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>mōidēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>mōidēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>mōidēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>mōidē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>mōidēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>mōidēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>mōidēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>mōidēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>mōidēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>mōidēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>mōidēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>mōidēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>mōidēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>mōidēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>mōidēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>mōjandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>mōidaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>mōjaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*mōjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*muojan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>moeyen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>moeien</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>möjje</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*mōjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>mōia</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>möie</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>muoie</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*mōjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>muojan, muoen</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>muon, müen, müewen, müejen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>mühen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*mōjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*mōian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>mōien, möien</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>möjen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐌼𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*mōjan)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gothic</lang>
                    <orth>𐌰𐍆𐌼𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽 (afmōjan)</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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