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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *nataz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_nataz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_cym_nodd" xml:lang="cym" type="cognate">
          <orth>nodd</orth>
          <def>wetness, humidity, sap</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_noteros" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>νοτερός</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>noterós</orth>
          </form>
          <def>damp, wet, humid</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_ned" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*ned-</orth>
          <def>wet</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_und" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>उन्द्</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>und</orth>
          </form>
          <def>to wet, well up, moisten</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_nataz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nataz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>nataz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈnɑ.tɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚾᚨᛏᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>wet</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_ned"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_ned">*ned-</ref></mentioned> (‘wet’), which Kroonen tentatively considers a deverbal root from *unod-o-, ultimately from *wed- (‘water’). Cognate with Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_und"><ref target="#cog_san_und">उन्द्</ref></mentioned> (und, ‘to wet, well up, moisten’), whence उनत्ति (unátti); compare also Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_noteros"><ref target="#cog_grc_noteros">νοτερός</ref></mentioned> (noterós, ‘damp, wet, humid’), Welsh <mentioned xml:lang="cym" target="#cog_cym_nodd"><ref target="#cog_cym_nodd">nodd</ref></mentioned> (‘wetness, humidity, sap’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>nataz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>natō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>natą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>natai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>natôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>natō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>natanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>natǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>natą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>natanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>natōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>natō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>natas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>nataizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>natas, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>nataizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>nataizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>nataizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>natammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>nataizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>natammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>nataimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>nataimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>nataimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>natanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>nataizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>natanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>nataimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>nataimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>nataimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>natô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>natǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>natô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>nataniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>natōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>natōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>natanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>natōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>natô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>natanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>natōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>natōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>natiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>natōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>natiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>natanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>natōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>natanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>natini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>natōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>natini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>natammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>natōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>natammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>natinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>natōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>natinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>natammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>natōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>natammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*nat</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>nat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>nat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>naat</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*nat</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>nat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>nat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>nat</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>nat</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*nat</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>naz</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>naz</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>nass</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>naass</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Vilamovian</lang>
                        <orth>noss</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>נאַס (nas)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*nat</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*nat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>nat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>natt</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>Nǫt</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>Nöt</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍃 (*nats)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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