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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *parrukaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-03"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_parrukaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_parrukaz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/parrukaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>parrukaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈpɑr.ru.kɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛈᚨᚱᚢᚲᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>fence</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>enclosure</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Uncertain.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>parrukaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>parrukōz, parrukōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>parruką</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>parrukanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>parrukas, parrukis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>parrukǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>parrukai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>parrukamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>parrukō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>parrukamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>parruk</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>parrukōz, parrukōs</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parruk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                    <orth>parricus</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parruk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*parrik, parc, park, perk</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>parric, perric, paerc, perc, parc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>park</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>park</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                          <orth>park</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parruk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*parrik, parc, park, perk</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>parric, perric, paerc, perc, parc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>park</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German</lang>
                          <orth>Park, )</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Lower Sorbian</lang>
                            <orth>park</orth>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parruk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*parrik, parc, park, perk</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>parric, perric, paerc, perc, parc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>perk</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>perk</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parruk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>pearroc, pearruc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>parrok, parrock</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>parrock, paddock</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>parrock, paddock</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parruk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>pfarrih, pferrih</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>pferrich, pherrich</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>Färrich</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Pferch</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parruk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*parrak, *perrik</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>park, perk</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Park</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parruk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*parrak, *perrik</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                      <orth>*parrak</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Faroese</lang>
                        <orth>parrak</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parruk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*parrak, *perrik</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                      <orth>*parrak</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                        <orth>*parrak</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                          <orth>parraka</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parrik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                    <orth>parricus</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parrik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*parrik, parc, park, perk</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>parric, perric, paerc, perc, parc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>park</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>park</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                          <orth>park</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parrik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*parrik, parc, park, perk</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>parric, perric, paerc, perc, parc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>park</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German</lang>
                          <orth>Park, )</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Lower Sorbian</lang>
                            <orth>park</orth>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parrik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*parrik, parc, park, perk</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>parric, perric, paerc, perc, parc</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>perk</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>perk</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parrik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>pearroc, pearruc</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>parrok, parrock</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>parrock, paddock</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>parrock, paddock</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parrik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>pfarrih, pferrih</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>pferrich, pherrich</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>Färrich</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Pferch</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parrik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*parrak, *perrik</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>park, perk</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Park</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parrik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*parrak, *perrik</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                      <orth>*parrak</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Faroese</lang>
                        <orth>parrak</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*parrik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*parrak, *perrik</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                      <orth>*parrak</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                        <orth>*parrak</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                          <orth>parraka</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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