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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *prikjaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_prikjaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_prikjana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/prikjaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>prikjaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈprik.jɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛈᚱᛁᚲᛃᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 1</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to stick; prick</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *prikiz (‘prick’) + *-janą. Likely a variant of *pikkōną (‘to strike, peck’) with an emphatic -r-.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>prikjō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>prikjaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>prikjai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>prikisi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>prikjais</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>priki</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>prikjasai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>prikjaisau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>prikiþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>prikjai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>prikjaþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>prikjaþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>prikjaiþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>prikjōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>prikjaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>prikjaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>prikjaiþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>prikjaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>prikjamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>prikjaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>prikjanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>prikjainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>prikiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>prikjaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>prikiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>prikjanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>prikjainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>prikjanþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>prikjain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>prikjanþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>prikjanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>prikjainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>prikidǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>prikidēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>prikidēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>prikidēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>prikidē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>prikidēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>prikidēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>prikidēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>prikidēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>prikidēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>prikidēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>prikidēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>prikidēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>prikidēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>prikidēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>prikidēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>prikjandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>prikidaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>prikjaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*prikkjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*prikken</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>pricken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>prikken</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>prik</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*prikkjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>priċċan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>pricchen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>pritch</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>prich, prych</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*prikkjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*prikka</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>prikkelje</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>prikke</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*prikkjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*pfrichen, *pfricken</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>pfrecken</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*prikkjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*pfrichen, *pfricken</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>prickelen, prickeln</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>prickeln</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*prikkjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*prikkian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>prikken, pricken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Danish</lang>
                        <orth>prikke</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>pricken</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>pricken</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>pricka</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*prikkjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*prikkian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>prikken, pricken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                        <orth>prickelen, prikelen, preckelen</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German Low German</lang>
                          <orth>prickeln</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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