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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *raginą</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_raginą</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_chu_roku" xml:lang="chu" type="cognate">
          <orth>рокъ</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>rokŭ</orth>
          </form>
          <def>time</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_hrek" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*Hrek-</orth>
          <def>to speak</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_ragina" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/raginą">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>raginą</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈrɑ.ɣi.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>decision, advice, counsel</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>the gods, the ruling powers</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From pre-Germanic *Hrokénom, from an en-stem derivative of an uncertain root, probably Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_hrek"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_hrek">*Hrek-</ref></mentioned> (‘to speak’). Related to Old Church Slavonic <mentioned xml:lang="chu" target="#cog_chu_roku"><ref target="#cog_chu_roku">рокъ</ref></mentioned> (rokŭ, ‘time’), Russian рок (rok, ‘fate’). Compare Gothic 𐌲𐌰-𐍂𐌴𐌷𐍃𐌽𐍃 f (ga-rēhsns, ‘*decision; schedule, plan’) and 𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (rahnjan, ‘to reckon, consider’), with distinct semantics from the parallel *-jan- verb *rahnijaną (‘to plunder’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>raginą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>raginō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>raginą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>raginō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>raginas, raginis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>raginǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>raginai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>raginamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>raginō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>raginamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>raginą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>raginō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*ragin</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*regin</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽 (ragin)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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