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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *raumaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-03"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_raumaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_rewghmn" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*réwgʰmn̥</orth>
          <def>cream</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_raumaz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/raumaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>raumaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈrɑu̯.mɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚱᚨᚢᛗᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>skin; film</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>milkfat, cream</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_rewghmn"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_rewghmn">*réwgʰmn̥</ref></mentioned> (‘cream’), from Proto-Indo-European *rew-, *rewe-, *rū- (‘to scratch, dig, scrape, take off, skim’). Possible cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *ráwgʰnas, whence Proto-Iranian *ráwgnah (‘butter, oil’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>raumaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>raumōz, raumōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>raumą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>raumanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>raumas, raumis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>raumǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>raumai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>raumamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>raumō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>raumamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>raum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>raumōz, raumōs</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*raum</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*rōm</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>room, rôme</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>room</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>room</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*raum</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>rēam</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>reme, rem</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>ream</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>reme, reim</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yola</lang>
                        <orth>reem, rhyme</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*raum</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*rām</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Room</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>rjemme</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*raum</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>roum</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>roum</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>Rum</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Raum, Rahm</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Hunsrik</lang>
                        <orth>Raam</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>Ram</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Volga German</lang>
                        <orth>Raum</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*raum</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>rōm</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>rôm, rôme, rame</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Rohm, Rahm</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>rjúmi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>rómi</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>rjómi</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>rjome, rjöme</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>råm, römme</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>rjúmi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>rymæ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>rømme</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>rømme</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                          <orth>rømme</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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