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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *rēdaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_rēdaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_redana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rēdaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>rēdaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈrɛː.ðɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚱᛖᛞᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 7d</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to decide, advise</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to interpret</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *Hréh₁dʰeti, from *Hreh₁dʰ- (‘to think, arrange’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>rēdō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>rēdaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>rēdai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>rēdizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>rēdaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>rēd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>rēdazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>rēdaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>rēdidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>rēdai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>rēdadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>rēdadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>rēdaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>rēdōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>rēdaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>rēdadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>rēdaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>rēdadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>rēdamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>rēdaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>rēdandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>rēdaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>rēdid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>rēdaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>rēdid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>rēdandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>rēdaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>rēdandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>rēdain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>rēdandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>rēdandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>rēdaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>rerōd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>rerdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>rerōst</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>rerdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>rerōd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>rerdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>rerdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>rerdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>rerdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>rerdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>rerdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>rerdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>rerdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>rerdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>rerdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>rerdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>rēdandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>rēdanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>rēdaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*rādan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>rādan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>râden</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>raden</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>raoje</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*rādan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>rǣdan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>reden</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>read, rede</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>rede</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*rādan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>rēda</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>räide</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>riede</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*rādan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>rātan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>rāten</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>raten</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>roden</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>ראָטן (rotn)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*rādan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>rādan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>râden</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>raden</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>raden</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ráða</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>råda, rå</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ráða</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>råde</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>råde, rå</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ráða</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>rāþa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>råda</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛅᚦᛅ (raþa)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>råda, rå</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛅᚦᛅ (raþa)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>råde</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>råde, rå</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛅᚦᛅ (raþa)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>rāþa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>råda</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛅᚦᚱ (raþr)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>råda, rå</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛅᚦᚱ (raþr)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>råde</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>råde, rå</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛅᚦᚱ (raþr)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>rāþa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>råda</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛁᚦ (riþ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>råda, rå</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛁᚦ (riþ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>råde</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>råde, rå</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛁᚦ (riþ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>rāþa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>råda</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛆᛁᚦ (raiþ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>råda, rå</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛆᛁᚦ (raiþ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>råde</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>råde, rå</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛆᛁᚦ (raiþ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>rāþa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>råda</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛅᚦᛁ (raþi)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>råda, rå</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛅᚦᛁ (raþi)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>råde</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>råde, rå</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛅᚦᛁ (raþi)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>rāþa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>råda</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᚮᚦᛁ (roþi)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>råda, rå</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᚮᚦᛁ (roþi)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>råde</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>råde, rå</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᚮᚦᛁ (roþi)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>rāþa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>råda</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛅᚦ (raþ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>ráða</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>råda, rå</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛅᚦ (raþ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>råde</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>råde, rå</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᚱᛅᚦ (raþ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>rāþa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>råda</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐍂𐌴𐌳𐌰𐌽 (*rēdan)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                  <orth>*arredāre</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Italian</lang>
                    <orth>arredare, corredare</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                  <orth>*corredāre</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Italian</lang>
                    <orth>arredare, corredare</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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