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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *rīkiją</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_rīkiją</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_rikija" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rīkiją">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>rīkiją</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈriː.ki.jɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚱᛁᚲᛁᛃᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ja-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>rulership, government, authority</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>realm, kingdom</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Celtic *rīgyom, whence also Old Irish ríge.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>rīkiją</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>rīkijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>rīkiją</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>rīkijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>rīkijas, rīkīs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>rīkijǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>rīkijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>rīkijamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>rīkijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>rīkijamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>rīkiją</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>rīkijō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*rīkī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>rīki</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>rike</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>rijk</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>ryk</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*rīkī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>rīce</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>riche, ryche, rik, rike, ryk, rice</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*rīkī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>rīke</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Riek</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>ryk</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*rīkī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>rīhhi</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Czech</lang>
                      <orth>říše</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Polish</lang>
                      <orth>rzesza</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Slovak</lang>
                      <orth>ríša</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*rīkī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>rīhhi</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>rīche</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>Reich</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>Räich</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*rīkī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>rīhhi</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>rīche</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Reich</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>English</lang>
                          <orth>Reich</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Polish</lang>
                          <orth>Reich</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Russian</lang>
                          <orth>рейх (rejx)</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*rīkī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>rīki</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>rîch, ricke, rijke, rîk, rîke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>riek</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                        <orth>Rikj</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ríki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>ríki</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>ríki</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>rike</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>rike</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ríki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>rike</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scots</lang>
                      <orth>rik</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ríki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>rikæ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>rige</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ríki</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>rīke</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>rike</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹 (reiki)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Estonian</lang>
                  <orth>riik</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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