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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *saipǭ</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_saipǭ</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_saipo" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/saipǭ">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>saipǭ</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈsɑi̯.pɔ̃ː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛊᚨᛁᛈᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ōn-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>soap</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Of unclear origin, with the original sense possibly denoting "amber, resin". Orel prefers to consider the word a secondary nominal formation from *sīpaną (‘to drip, flow’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>saipǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>saipōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>saipōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>saipōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>saipōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>saipōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>saipōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>saipōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>saipōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>saipōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>saipǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>saipōniz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*saipā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*sēpa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>sêpe, seipe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>zeip</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*saipā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*sēpa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>sêpe, seipe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>zeep</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>seep</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Berbice Creole Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>sepu</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Lokono</lang>
                          <orth>sêpo</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*saipā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*sēpa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>sêpe, seipe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>zeep</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Skepi Creole Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>sepu</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Akawaio</lang>
                            <orth>seepoo, sawana</orth>
                          </form>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Pemon</lang>
                            <orth>seepoo, sawana</orth>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*saipā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>sāpe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>sope, sape, soope, soppe, swope</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>soap</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Irish</lang>
                        <orth>sóp</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*saipā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>sāpe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>sope, sape, soope, soppe, swope</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Scots</lang>
                        <orth>saip</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Scots</lang>
                          <orth>saip</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*saipā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>sāpe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>sope, sape, soope, soppe, swope</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                        <orth>sápa</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Faroese</lang>
                          <orth>sápa</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                          <orth>sápa</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*saipā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>sāpe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>sope, sape, soope, soppe, swope</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                        <orth>sápa</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                          <orth>såpa, såpe</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Danish</lang>
                            <orth>såpe</orth>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                              <orth>såpe</orth>
                            </form>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*saipā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>sāpe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>sope, sape, soope, soppe, swope</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                        <orth>sápa</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                          <orth>sāpa</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Swedish</lang>
                            <orth>såpa</orth>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Finnish</lang>
                              <orth>suopa, soopa</orth>
                            </form>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*saipā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*sēpe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Seepe</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>sjippe</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*saipā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>seipfa, seiffa, seifa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>seife</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>Seif, Seife, Seifi, Seipfe, Soapfe</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>Saf, Soaffa, Soaf</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Seef, Sääf, Seif</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>East Central German</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>East Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Saafe</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Seife</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Rhine Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Saaf, Saaif, Sääf, Sääif, Seef</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>זייף (zeyf)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*saipā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*sēpa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>sêpe, seipe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch Low Saxon</lang>
                        <orth>ziepe, zaip, zaipe, zeeip, zepe, zeip, ziep, zaibe, zeep</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Estonian</lang>
                        <orth>seep</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Seep</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Latvian</lang>
                        <orth>ziepes</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*saipā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*sēpa</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>sêpe, seipe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Danish</lang>
                        <orth>sæbe</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                          <orth>sæbe, sæpe, sepe</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Finnic</lang>
                  <orth>?</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Finnish</lang>
                    <orth>saippua, saiput, saipua, saipo, saipot, saipoo, saipio, saippio</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Ingrian</lang>
                      <orth>saippu</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Northern Sami</lang>
                      <orth>sáibu</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Latin</lang>
                  <orth>sāpō</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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