<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *satjaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_satjaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_satjana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/satjaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>satjaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈsɑt.jɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛊᚨᛏᛃᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 1</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to set, to place down</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *sodéyeti. Equivalent to *sitjaną (‘to sit’) + *-janą (‘causative suffix’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>satjō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>satjaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>satjai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>satisi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>satjais</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>sati</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>satjasai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>satjaisau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>satiþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>satjai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>satjaþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>satjaþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>satjaiþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>satjōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>satjaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>satjaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>satjaiþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>satjaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>satjamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>satjaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>satjanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>satjainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>satiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>satjaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>satiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>satjanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>satjainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>satjanþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>satjain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>satjanþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>satjanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>satjainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>satidǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>satidēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>satidēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>satidēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>satidē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>satidēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>satidēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>satidēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>satidēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>satidēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>satidēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>satidēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>satidēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>satidēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>satidēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>satidēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>satjandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>satidaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>satjaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sattjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>setten</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>setten</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>zètte</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sattjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>setten</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>setten</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>zetten</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>sit</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Berbice Creole Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>sete</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Negerhollands</lang>
                          <orth>set, sit</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sattjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>settan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>setten, cetten, settan, settæn, sætten, seit, sette, sete, zetten, zete</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>set</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>sett, set</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yola</lang>
                        <orth>zet, set</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sattjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>setta</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>sätte</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>sette</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sattjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>sezzen</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>setzen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>setzn</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>setze</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Cimbrian</lang>
                        <orth>zètzan</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>setzen</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>setzen</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Pennsylvania German</lang>
                        <orth>setze</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>זעצן (zetsn)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sattjan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>settian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>setten</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>setten</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᛊᚨᛏᛁᛞᛟ (satido)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>setja</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                      <orth>settja, setta</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Faroese</lang>
                      <orth>seta</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                      <orth>sätte</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                      <orth>setja</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norn</lang>
                      <orth>seta</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                      <orth>setja, setta</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᛊᚨᛏᛁᛞᛟ (satido)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>setja</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                      <orth>sætiæ, sættæ</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scanian</lang>
                        <orth>sæda</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᛊᚨᛏᛁᛞᛟ (satido)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>setja</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                      <orth>sætiæ, sættæ</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Danish</lang>
                        <orth>sætte</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                          <orth>sette</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ᛊᚨᛏᛁᛞᛟ (satido)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>setja</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>sætia, sættia</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>sätta</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (satjan)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
