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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *sek</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_sek</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_sek" type="pronoun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sek">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>sek</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈsek</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛊᛖᚲ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>pronoun</pos>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>accusative of *se-</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *se + *ge. Compare *mek and *þek.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>sik</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>sik, sic, sich, sig</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                      <orth>zich</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>sik, sic, sich, sig</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>sich, sic, sik</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>zich</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>sig</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>sik</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>sik</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>sih</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>sich</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>sich</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>זיך (zikh)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>sih</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>sich</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>si, sich</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Cimbrian</lang>
                          <orth>zich</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>sih</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>sich</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>sich, sech</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Hunsrik</lang>
                          <orth>sich</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                          <orth>sech</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>sih</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>sich</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>East Central German</lang>
                        <orth>sich</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Zipser German</lang>
                          <orth>ßich</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>sih</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>sich</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>sich</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>zich</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*sik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>sih</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>sich</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                        <orth>sik, sek</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Low German</lang>
                          <orth>sik, sick, sük, sück, sek, seck, sich</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>sik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>sig</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>seg</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>sig</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Jamtish</lang>
                    <orth>seg</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>seg</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>seg</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>sik</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>sik</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>sig</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>-sk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>-s</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>-st</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>-s</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>-sk</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>?</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>-s</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                      <orth>-st</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍃𐌹𐌺 (sik)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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