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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *skīrijaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-03"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_skīrijaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_skirijana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skīrijaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>skīrijaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈskiː.ri.jɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛊᚲᛁᚱᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 1</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to make clear, make pure</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to make orderly, arrange</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *skīriz (‘pure, clear, sheer’) + *-janą.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>skīrijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>skīrijaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>skīrijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>skīrīsi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>skīrijais</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>skīrī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>skīrijasai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>skīrijaisau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>skīrīþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>skīrijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>skīrijaþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>skīrijaþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>skīrijaiþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>skīrijōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>skīrijaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>skīrijaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>skīrijaiþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>skīrijaþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>skīrijamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>skīrijaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>skīrijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>skīrijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>skīrīþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>skīrijaiþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>skīrīþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>skīrijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>skīrijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>skīrijanþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>skīrijain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>skīrijanþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>skīrijanþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>skīrijainþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>skīridǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>skīridēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>skīridēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>skīridēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>skīridē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>skīridēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>skīridēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>skīridēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>skīridēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>skīridēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>skīridēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>skīridēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>skīridēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>skīridēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>skīridēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>skīridēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>skīrijandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>skīridaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>skīrijaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*skīrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*scīren</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>schiren</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>schieren</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*skīrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>sċīran</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>schiren</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*skīrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*skīra, skīria</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>biskīra</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*skīrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*skieren</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>schīren</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old High German</lang>
                      <orth>giskieren, inskieren</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*skīrijan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*skīrian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>schīren</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>skíra</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>skíra</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>skíra</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>skíra</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>skīra</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>skira</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>*𐍃𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*skeirjan)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaskeirjan)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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