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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *slakaz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_slakaz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_lagaros" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>λαγαρός</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>lagarós</orth>
          </form>
          <def>slack, loose; thin, weak</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_laxus" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>laxus</orth>
          <def>loose, slack, yielding</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_slaksna" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>श्लक्ष्ण</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>ślakṣṇa</orth>
          </form>
          <def>tender, soft</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_sga_lacc" xml:lang="sga" type="cognate">
          <orth>lacc</orth>
          <def>slack</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_xto_slakkar" xml:lang="xto" type="cognate">
          <orth>slākkär</orth>
          <def>sad</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_slakaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/slakaz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>slakaz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈslɑ.kɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛊᛚᚨᚲᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>weak</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>slack</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Maybe from Proto-Indo-European *slogos, from the root *(s)leg- (‘to weaken’). Compare Old Irish <mentioned xml:lang="sga" target="#cog_sga_lacc"><ref target="#cog_sga_lacc">lacc</ref></mentioned> (‘slack’), Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_laxus"><ref target="#cog_lat_laxus">laxus</ref></mentioned> (‘slack, loose’), Tocharian A <mentioned xml:lang="xto" target="#cog_xto_slakkar"><ref target="#cog_xto_slakkar">slākkär</ref></mentioned> (‘sad’), and perhaps Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_lagaros"><ref target="#cog_grc_lagaros">λαγαρός</ref></mentioned> (lagarós, ‘slack, loose; thin, weak’) and Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_slaksna"><ref target="#cog_san_slaksna">श्लक्ष्ण</ref></mentioned> (ślakṣṇa, ‘tender, soft’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>slakaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>slakō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>slaką, -at, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>slakai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>slakôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>slakō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>slakanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>slakǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>slaką, -at, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>slakanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>slakōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>slakō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>slakas, slakis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>slakaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>slakas, slakis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>slakaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>slakaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>slakaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>slakammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>slakaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>slakammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>slakaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>slakaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>slakaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>slakanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>slakaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>slakanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>slakaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>slakaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>slakaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>slakô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>slakǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>slakô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>slakaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>slakōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>slakōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>slakanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>slakōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>slakô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>slakanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>slakōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>slakōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>slakiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>slakōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>slakiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>slakanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>slakōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>slakanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>slakini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>slakōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>slakini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>slakammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>slakōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>slakammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>slakinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>slakōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>slakinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>slakammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>slakōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>slakammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*slak</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*slac</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>slac</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>slak</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*slak</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>slæc, sleac, slec</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>slak</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>slack</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>slak</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*slak</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>slach</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>slach</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>schlack, schlach</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*slak</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>slak</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>slak</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>slak</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German</lang>
                          <orth>schlack</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>slakr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>slakur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>slak</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>slakr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>?</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>slak</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                      <orth>slak</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
