<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *slībaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_slībaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_cel-x-proto_limati" xml:lang="cel-x-proto" type="cognate">
          <orth>*limāti</orth>
          <def>to polish, sharpen</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_lima" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>līma</orth>
          <def>carpenter's file</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_s_ley" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*(s)ley-</orth>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_slibana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/slībaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>slībaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈsliː.βɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛊᛚᛁᛒᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 1</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to split</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Possibly from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_s_ley"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_s_ley">*(s)ley-</ref></mentioned> (‘smooth; slick; sticky; slimy’), the same source as *slīmą (‘slime’) and *līmaz (‘glue, clay, lime’). For the semantics, compare Proto-Germanic *slīpaną (‘to whet, sharpen’), Old High German slīman (‘to make smooth’), Proto-Celtic <mentioned xml:lang="cel-x-proto" target="#cog_cel-x-proto_limati"><ref target="#cog_cel-x-proto_limati">*limāti</ref></mentioned> (‘to polish, sharpen’) and Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_lima"><ref target="#cog_lat_lima">līma</ref></mentioned> (‘carpenter's file’), from extensions of the same root.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>slībō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>slībaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>slībai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>slībizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>slībaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>slīb</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>slībazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>slībaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>slībidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>slībai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>slībadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>slībadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>slībaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>slībōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>slībaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>slībadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>slībaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>slībadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>slībamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>slībaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>slībandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>slībaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>slībid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>slībaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>slībid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>slībandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>slībaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>slībandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>slībain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>slībandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>slībandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>slībaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>slaib</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>slibį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>slaift</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>slibīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>slaib</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>slibī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>slibū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>slibīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>slibudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>slibīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>slibum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>slibīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>slibud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>slibīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>slibun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>slibīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>slībandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>slibanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>slībaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*slīban</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>slīfan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>sliven, slivere, sliver</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>slive, sliver</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>slive, scleeberie, slaiver, sliver</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*slīban</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*slīvan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>slîven</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
